LL-37
LL-37 (Human Cathelicidin)
Overview
LL-37 is the only cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide found in humans. It is a 37-amino acid peptide that serves as a critical component of the innate immune system. Beyond its antimicrobial activity, it modulates inflammation, promotes wound healing, and disrupts bacterial biofilms — persistent bacterial colonies that are resistant to conventional antibiotics.
Mechanism of Action
LL-37 disrupts bacterial membranes through electrostatic interactions with their negatively charged surfaces, creating pores that lead to cell death. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. It disrupts biofilms by preventing initial bacterial adhesion and degrading established biofilm structures. It also modulates TLR signaling and promotes angiogenesis during wound repair.
Dosage Information
Typical Dose
50-100 mcg
Frequency
Once daily
Administration
Subcutaneous injection
Notes
Can be used topically for wound healing or SubQ for systemic immune support. Cycles typically run 4-8 weeks. Particularly useful for chronic infections with biofilm involvement (Lyme, sinusitis, etc.).
Potential Side Effects
Research References
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Stacking Compatibility
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Quick Facts
- Administration
- Subcutaneous injection
- Typical Dose
- 50-100 mcg
- Frequency
- Once daily
- References
- 2 studies