GHK-Cu
Copper Peptide GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine)
Overview
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. Levels decline significantly with age. It is one of the most well-researched peptides for skin rejuvenation, wound healing, and anti-aging. It has demonstrated the ability to reset gene expression patterns of damaged cells to a healthier state.
Mechanism of Action
GHK-Cu modulates the expression of over 4,000 genes, resetting gene activity toward a healthier pattern. It stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis, promotes glycosaminoglycan production, activates wound-healing pathways via TGF-β, recruits immune cells to injury sites, and has potent antioxidant properties. The copper ion is essential for many enzymatic processes including superoxide dismutase activity.
Dosage Information
Typical Dose
1-2 mg
Frequency
Once daily
Administration
Topical (cream/serum) or subcutaneous injection
Notes
Topical application at 1-2% concentration is effective for skin. SubQ injection of 1-2mg daily for systemic effects. Often used in conjunction with microneedling for enhanced skin penetration.
Potential Side Effects
Research References
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Quick Facts
- Administration
- Topical (cream/serum) or subcutaneous injection
- Typical Dose
- 1-2 mg
- Frequency
- Once daily
- References
- 3 studies