SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Elamipretide (D-Arg-2'6'-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2)
Overview
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It stabilizes cardiolipin, a critical phospholipid required for optimal electron transport chain function. It has been in clinical trials for heart failure, mitochondrial myopathy, and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
Mechanism of Action
SS-31 carries a 3+ net charge that drives its accumulation at the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it binds to cardiolipin. This stabilizes the electron transport chain complexes, reduces electron leak, decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and improves ATP synthesis efficiency. It can restore age-related declines in mitochondrial function and has been shown to rejuvenate aged mitochondria within hours.
Dosage Information
Typical Dose
40 mg daily
Frequency
Once daily (clinical trials)
Administration
Subcutaneous injection
Notes
Clinical trial dosing has used 4-40mg SubQ daily. Research is ongoing for optimal dosing in various conditions. Primary clinical development is focused on Barth syndrome and heart failure. Not yet FDA approved.
Potential Side Effects
Research References
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Quick Facts
- Administration
- Subcutaneous injection
- Typical Dose
- 40 mg daily
- Frequency
- Once daily (clinical trials)
- References
- 2 studies