Humanin
Humanin (HN)
Overview
Humanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide first discovered in 2001 in surviving neurons of Alzheimer's disease patients. It is the founding member of the mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) family. It has demonstrated powerful cytoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-apoptotic properties across multiple organ systems.
Mechanism of Action
Humanin binds to multiple receptors including IGFBP3, BAX, and the FPRL1/FPRL2 receptors. It inhibits BAX-mediated apoptosis (programmed cell death), activates the STAT3 survival pathway, and modulates IGFBP-3 interactions. It protects neurons from amyloid-beta toxicity, improves mitochondrial function, reduces oxidative stress, and has systemic cytoprotective effects on cardiac, hepatic, and vascular tissues.
Dosage Information
Typical Dose
Research dosing varies
Frequency
Varies
Administration
Subcutaneous injection
Notes
Humanin is primarily in research phase with no established clinical dosing protocol for humans. Animal studies use varying doses. The synthetic analog HNG (S14G-Humanin) is 1000x more potent. Available through research chemical suppliers.
Potential Side Effects
Research References
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Quick Facts
- Administration
- Subcutaneous injection
- Typical Dose
- Research dosing varies
- Frequency
- Varies
- References
- 2 studies