Clinical Evidence
Peptides with completed or active human clinical trials. These compounds have the strongest evidence base, with data from controlled studies in human subjects.
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Linaclotide
Linaclotide
Linaclotide is a synthetic 14-amino-acid peptide agonist of guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptors in the intestinal epithelium FDA-approved under the b...
PT-141
Bremelanotide
PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is a melanocortin receptor agonist originally developed from Melanotan II research and FDA-approved in 2019 under the brand nam...
Plecanatide
Plecanatide
Plecanatide is a synthetic analog of uroguanylin — an endogenous gut peptide that regulates fluid secretion in the intestine — FDA-approved under the...
Anastrozole
Anastrozole
Anastrozole is a third-generation non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor FDA-approved for breast cancer treatment. In the hormonal health community it is w...
Thymosin Alpha 1
Thymalfasin (Thymosin Alpha 1)
Thymosin Alpha 1 is a 28-amino acid peptide naturally produced by the thymus gland that plays a critical role in immune system maturation and regulati...
Tadalafil
Tadalafil
Tadalafil (Cialis/Adcirca) is a long-acting PDE5 inhibitor FDA-approved for erectile dysfunction benign prostatic hyperplasia and pulmonary arterial h...
Retatrutide
Retatrutide
Retatrutide is a first-in-class triple agonist targeting GIP GLP-1 and glucagon receptors simultaneously developed by Eli Lilly. Phase 2 trial data pu...
PDE5 Inhibitor Stack
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Class
The PDE5 inhibitor class encompasses sildenafil tadalafil vardenafil and avanafil — a family of compounds that share the mechanism of inhibiting the P...
Kisspeptin-54
Kisspeptin-54 (Metastin)
Kisspeptin-54 is the full-length 54-amino-acid form of kisspeptin — the most abundant endogenous form in human circulation. Unlike the shorter Kisspep...
Cagrilintide
Cagrilintide
Cagrilintide is a long-acting synthetic amylin analog developed by Novo Nordisk that is currently in Phase 3 clinical trials in combination with semag...
MK-677
Ibutamoren
MK-677 (Ibutamoren) is a potent orally active growth hormone secretagogue and ghrelin receptor agonist that stimulates the pituitary gland to release...
Melanotan I
Afamelanotide
Melanotan I (Afamelanotide) is a synthetic alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analog approved in Europe and Australia under the brand na...
Ghrelin
Ghrelin
Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide hormone produced primarily in the stomach that functions as the body's primary hunger signal and a potent GH secret...
Sildenafil
Sildenafil Citrate
Sildenafil (Viagra/Revatio) is a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor FDA-approved for erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension....
Glucagon
Glucagon
Glucagon is a 29-amino-acid peptide hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans that acts as the primary counter-regulatory...
Pentosan Polysulfate
Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium (PPS)
Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium (Elmiron/Cartrophen) is a semi-synthetic polysaccharide sulfate compound with FDA approval for interstitial cystitis and v...
GLP-2
Glucagon-like Peptide-2
Glucagon-like Peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an endogenous intestinotrophic hormone produced by L-cells in the intestinal mucosa that promotes gut epithelial gr...
Amylin
Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP)
Amylin is a 37-amino-acid peptide hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic beta cells in response to meals. It plays a complementary role to ins...
Oxytocin
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a nine-amino acid neuropeptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus. Often called the "love hormone" or "bonding hormone," it plays crucia...
HCG
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced during pregnancy that mimics luteinizing hormone (LH) and stimulates testosteron...
Orexin A
Hypocretin-1
Orexin A (Hypocretin-1) is a 33-amino-acid neuropeptide produced exclusively by neurons in the lateral hypothalamus that plays a master regulatory rol...
Mazdutide
Mazdutide (IBI362)
Mazdutide (IBI362) is a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor co-agonist developed by Innovent Biologics that has completed Phase 2 trials in China showing...
Carnosine
Beta-Alanyl-L-Histidine
Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide found in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and brain tissue that functions as an antioxidant pH buff...
IGF-1
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) is a naturally occurring 70-amino-acid peptide hormone produced primarily in the liver in response to growth horm...
Larazotide
Larazotide Acetate (AT-1001)
Larazotide acetate is a synthetic 8-amino-acid peptide derived from Zonula Occludens Toxin that acts as a tight junction regulator reducing intestinal...
LHRH for Joint Health
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Applications
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH/GnRH) and its analogs have emerging applications in joint health research through their effects on sex hor...
Calcitonin
Calcitonin
Calcitonin is a 32-amino-acid peptide hormone produced by parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid gland that regulates calcium homeostasis and bone meta...
Gonadorelin Acetate
Gonadorelin Acetate (GnRH)
Gonadorelin acetate is the synthetic form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) — the master regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis....
GLP-1
Glucagon-like Peptide-1
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous incretin hormone secreted by L-cells in the small intestine in response to food intake. It plays a ce...
LL-37
LL-37 (Human Cathelicidin)
LL-37 is the only cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide found in humans. It is a 37-amino acid peptide that serves as a critical component of the innate...
Liraglutide
Liraglutide
Liraglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist approved by the FDA for type 2 diabetes (Victoza) and obesity management (Saxenda). It was the first GLP-1 ana...
DSIP
Delta Sleep Inducing Peptide
Delta Sleep Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a nonapeptide first isolated in 1977 from the blood of rabbits in an induced state of sleep. It is one of the m...
Argireline
Acetyl Hexapeptide-3 (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)
Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-3) is a synthetic hexapeptide derived from the N-terminal end of SNAP-25 — the same protein targeted by botulinum toxin...
Semaglutide
Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes management and approved by the FDA under th...
Rapamycin
Sirolimus
Rapamycin (Sirolimus) is a macrolide compound originally discovered in soil bacteria from Easter Island (Rapa Nui) that functions as a potent mTOR inh...
Enclomiphene
Enclomiphene Citrate
Enclomiphene is the trans-isomer of clomiphene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to stimulate endogenous testosterone produ...
Resveratrol
trans-Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic stilbene compound found in red wine, grapes, and certain berries that has been extensively studied for its potential lon...
Testosterone
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid naturally produced in the testes in men and in smaller amounts in the ovaries and...
Somatostatin
Somatostatin-14
Somatostatin is a 14-amino-acid cyclic peptide hormone produced throughout the body — in the hypothalamus pancreas gastrointestinal tract and immune c...
Angiotensin 1-7
Angiotensin-(1-7)
Angiotensin 1-7 is a seven-amino-acid peptide component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that acts as a counter-regulatory axis to the classical...
Metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin is a biguanide compound derived from French lilac (Galega officinalis) that has been used clinically for type 2 diabetes since 1957. It is t...
Diacerhein
Diacerhein (Diacetylrhein)
Diacerhein is a synthetic anthraquinone derivative approved in multiple countries as a slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA). It inhibits inte...
VIP
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide found throughout the central and peripheral nervous system gastrointestinal tract...
Serpin A1 Peptide
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Derived Peptides
Serpin A1 (Alpha-1 antitrypsin) derived peptides are bioactive fragments of the alpha-1 antitrypsin protein that have demonstrated anti-inflammatory a...
Berberine
Berberine Hydrochloride
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in several plants including barberry, goldenseal, and Oregon grape that has been used in traditional Chine...
Fisetin
3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone
Fisetin is a flavonoid polyphenol found in strawberries, apples, and other fruits that has emerged as one of the most potent senolytic compounds ident...
Oxytocin Nasal
Oxytocin Intranasal Formulation
Intranasal oxytocin is a specific formulation of the neuropeptide oxytocin that delivers the compound directly to the brain via nasal administration p...
Substance P Antagonist
NK1 Receptor Antagonist Peptides
Substance P antagonist peptides target the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) to reduce joint pain and inflammation. Substance P is a neuropeptide released...
Beta-Alanine
Beta-Alanine (3-Aminopropionic Acid)
Beta-alanine is a non-essential amino acid and the rate-limiting precursor to carnosine synthesis in skeletal muscle. Supplementation with beta-alanin...
Lubricin Peptide
Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) / Lubricin
Lubricin (Proteoglycan 4 PRG4) is a glycoprotein secreted by chondrocytes and synoviocytes that forms a protective boundary lubricant layer on articul...
Quercetin
Quercetin
Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, found in onions, apples, capers, and many other plant foods. It is one of the first senolyti...
NMN
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide naturally occurring in all living cells and a direct precursor to NAD+ — the essential coenzyme invo...
Selank
Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro)
Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of the naturally occurring immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin. Developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetic...
Pyroglutamate
Pyroglutamic Acid (5-Oxoproline)
Pyroglutamate (pyroglutamic acid) is a cyclic amino acid formed from glutamine or glutamic acid that occurs naturally in many proteins and has cogniti...
Spermidine
Spermidine
Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine found in all living cells and in many foods including wheat germ, soybeans, aged cheese, and mushrooms....
GDF-11
Growth Differentiation Factor 11
GDF-11 (Growth Differentiation Factor 11) is a TGF-beta superfamily member that generated enormous scientific excitement following 2013-2014 research...
NAD+
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
NAD+ is a critical coenzyme found in every cell of the body, essential for hundreds of metabolic processes including energy production, DNA repair, ge...
BMP-7 Peptide
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (Osteogenic Protein-1)
BMP-7 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 also known as Osteogenic Protein-1 or OP-1) is an FDA-approved growth factor for spinal fusion and long bone fract...
Thyroid Releasing Hormone
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide (pyroglutamyl-histidyl-proline amide) produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates the pituitary t...
Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide is a first-in-class dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist approved by the FDA under the brand name Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes and Zepbound for...
Kisspeptin
Kisspeptin-10 (Metastin 45-54)
Kisspeptin-10 is the shortest bioactive fragment of the kisspeptin family — a 10-amino-acid peptide that retains the full receptor-activating potency...
CJC-1295 No DAC
Modified GRF 1-29
CJC-1295 No DAC (also called Modified GRF 1-29 or Mod GRF 1-29) is a modified version of the first 29 amino acids of GHRH without the Drug Affinity Co...
Syn-Coll
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5
Syn-Coll (Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5) is a synthetic lipopeptide that mimics the natural activation mechanism of TGF-β — the primary growth factor respons...
GHRP-2
Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-2
GHRP-2 is considered one of the most potent growth hormone releasing peptides available. It stimulates GH release more effectively than GHRP-6 with le...
Sprifermin
Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (rhFGF-18)
Sprifermin is a recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF-18) in Phase 3 clinical trials for knee osteoarthritis. It is the most advanced d...
Avocado Soybean Unsaponifiables
Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU)
Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU) is a natural product extract with prescription drug status in France (Piascledine) for the treatment of osteoart...
NSI-189
NSI-189 Phosphate
NSI-189 is a synthetic aminopyridine-benzylpiperazine compound originally developed by Neuralstem Inc that has demonstrated neurogenic properties in t...
Tesamorelin
Tesamorelin Acetate
Tesamorelin is a synthetic GHRH analog that is FDA-approved for the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy. It is the only GHRH peptide with full F...
Cerebrolysin
Cerebrolysin (Porcine Brain-Derived Peptide Preparation)
Cerebrolysin is a multi-modal neuropeptide preparation derived from purified porcine brain proteins. It contains a mixture of low-molecular-weight neu...
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Nasal
VIP Intranasal Formulation
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide intranasal is the compounded nasal spray formulation of VIP used in the Shoemaker CIRS (Chronic Inflammatory Response Sy...
Kisspeptin-10
Kisspeptin-10 (Metastin 45-54)
Kisspeptin-10 is the shortest bioactive fragment of the kisspeptin family — a 10-amino-acid peptide that retains the full receptor-activating potency...
Survodutide
Survodutide (BI 456906)
Survodutide is a dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Zealand Pharma. Its glucagon component drives the liver to...
Orforglipron
Orforglipron (LY3502970)
Orforglipron is a non-peptide, oral GLP-1 receptor agonist being developed by Eli Lilly. Unlike injectable GLP-1 drugs, it is a small molecule that su...
CagriSema
Cagrilintide + Semaglutide (CagriSema)
CagriSema is a combination therapy from Novo Nordisk pairing semaglutide (GLP-1 agonist) with cagrilintide (long-acting amylin analog) in a single wee...